Specific Objectives:

• To review and synthesize the state-of-the-art knowledge focusing on good practices of EbA carried out for flood risk reduction, focusing on the different physiographic regions of Nepal (mountains, hills, and terai).
• To identify and curate appropriate EbA options and conduct valuation of selected EbA options for flood risk reduction in the Mohana-Khutiya watershed (originating from the mid-hill and flowing into the plains).

To build evidence base for developing economic case for EbA for mainstreaming into national and local climate change policies.

1. Does leadership of MSMEs receiving information on energy efficient technologies from a peer leads to higher adoption rates?
2. Does information from peers combined with an ROI calculator lead to even higher adoption rates?

The training module will aim at identifying and conveying the problem of pollution of ponds and inform women about the pond water quality and informing how disposal of solid waste/ washing cleaning and disposal of plastic contributes to the pollution and consequent health hazards. This study aims to analyze whether this training module works and understand why it works or fails with respect to households’ resource constraints and ease of coordination with other households.

Research Objective 1:

To explore whether incentive and/or information treatment control more the adoption of crop farming by crop farmers with low-emission cultivation practices.

Research Objective 2:

To develop a management strategy for reducing GHG emissions from crop farming.

The overarching goal of this study is to understand the linkages between the recent water supply policies in the urban Indian context and their impact on the access to water as also their economic and health co-benefits. Specifically, the project will quantify the effects of the AMRUT Scheme on access to water to households in Indian cities and estimate economic and health co-benefits.

The primary objective of the proposed study is to estimate the impact of adopting climate-smart agriculture technology (soil and water conservation technologies and crop diversification) on rural livelihood outcomes (cereal productivity and household income) of rural households in Bhutan. Further, we will identify the key factors that determines the farmers decision of adopting different CSA technology.

Evaluation of Gaurishankar conservation area’s socio-economic and ecological outcomes

Specific:

1. To identify the extent to which livelihoods of vulnerable forest-proximate communities were affected by COVID-19 pandemic and their coping strategies.
2. To assess the extent to which forest resources act as a safety-net to the shock severity of the pandemic for forest-proximate rural households.
3. To propose a social mandate for pandemic-smart natural resource management action.

The main question of this research project is: What is the impact of FPOs which promote organic farming on traditional cultivation farming practices in Sikkim, and in what respects does this sustain or transform the sustainable use of ecosystem services?

The specific NDC target we will address is the commitment to create an additional carbon sink of 2.5 to 3 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalent through additional forest and tree cover by 2030. The specific SDG goals that we have in mind are Goal 8 (Decent work and economic growth, target 8.1 to achieve 7 percent GDP growth rate per annum), Goal 13 (Climate Action, target 13.2 to integrate climate change measures into national policies, strategies and planning),  and Goal 15 (life on land, target 15.2 to End deforestation and restore degraded forest).

Can low-cost vendor-level interventions i.e. a home-delivery service and a waste buying service reduce spoilage of vendor-stock, thereby reducing GHG emissions?

Spoilage losses contribute to food insecurity as well as threaten environmental sustainability by increased emissions from the food decomposition process (World Bank, 2020). The project will test the impact of two interventions on spoilage, profits and market behaviour of street vendors using data from a randomized controlled trial in Pakistan. The first intervention will help enhance the demand faced by vendors by giving them access to a free vendor-to-home delivery service. The second intervention (which will only be piloted in this proposal) will help vendors sell their produce to us at a low fixed fee. Associated with both interventions is the intention to reduce spoilage that vendors incur. By improving vendor demand and changing the outside option for wasted produce (by buying it) the goal is to improve enterprise efficiency by reducing produce spoilage. The spoilage is wasted food i.e. wasted agricultural output. Agricultural output that is wasted equates directly to additional GHG emission.