Sustainability at its core requires conscious use of the natural resources at hand, which is all the more critical in fragile mountain environments. Through the years, our work has piloted, supported, and promoted ecosystem-based adaptation approaches that use biodiversity and ecosystem services to help people adapt to the adverse effects of climate change since they are ideal for building socioecological resilience. Through our work in resilient mountain solutions and transboundary landscapes programmes, in springshed management, climatesmart agriculture, organic agriculture and in promoting renewable energy through our newly launched Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Centre for the Himalaya Initiative, we seek to harness nature-based solutions for sustainable mountain development. Supporting this goal, we collaborated with the Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), in Chengdu, China in December 2019 on a regional symposium which provided insights into the issues and challenges of integrating ecosystems-based adaptation (EbA) into policies and practice. At the symposium, over 50 scientists and practitioners from 35 institutions met to discuss technology transfer, effectiveness of EbA, and issues related to gender and social inclusion in EbA and sought to address problems related to limited knowledge on EbA progress and effectiveness which hinders the integration of the EbA approach into policy and practice.