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The path ahead

Pema Gyamtsho

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Mt. Siguniang (Shuangqiao Valley)(Seabuckthorn)

Abnormal times bring abnormal challenges and opportunities! It is in the middle of very abnormal times that I have begun my tenure as Director General at ICIMOD and I am facing the challenges and seizing the opportunities with our strong management team and all of our committed team members.

While the pandemic has confronted us with unforeseen challenges, it has presented us with new opportunities. Like so many organizations, we’ve climbed the technological learning curve at accelerated speed and very successfully hosted several on-line events. Among these, the Ministerial Mountain Summit on 15th October was a grand success as all the eight regional members countries approved and signed the “Ministerial Declaration on the HKH Call to Action” which expresses their commitment to enhanced regional cooperation in addressing challenges of climate change, pervasive mountain-specific poverty, and forwarding the HKH Call to Action. Building on all of the scientific evidence synthesized in the HKH Assessment the Call to Action is a roadmap for the region and will be at the centre of the work we do into the foreseeable future. I am excited to take this work forward, to deepen our partnerships towards our shared goals and to ensure that we never lose sight of the reasons for this work. We are dedicated to the mountains and people of the HKH and all of our work is focused on the important tasks paving a clear path towards a more prosperous HKH region. Now more than ever, we have to protect the pulse of the planet, we have to do everything we can as individuals, organizations, communities and as a global community to halt climate change, reduce global warming, ensure inclusion of marginalized peoples and ensure the due respect required for the health of our ecosystems and environments.

When I think of HKH mountain ecosystems and biodiversity, I think of my colleague, Dr. Eklabya Sharma who has provided not only continuity, consistency and coherence to ICIMOD’s work but also global leadership on biodiversity conservation. As he prepares for his retirement from the Centre after nearly twenty years of service  to mountains and mountain peoples of the HKH, I join all my colleagues in ICIMOD and all his friends and associates across the region and beyond to wish him the very best.

Looking forward to the immediate future, we are excited about International Mountain Day on 11 December, when we will also announce the winners of our 2020 ICIMOD Mountain Prize and have some focused discussions on the important theme for this year, “Mountain Biodiversity”. Please do look into the range of activities we’re planning for that day on our website through this link. And looking into the longer-term future, I am eager to meet all of our strategic partners, members of our Board of Governors and ICIMOD Support Group and all of you who have been so essential to all of our achievements thus far.

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11 Dec 2023 China
2023年国际山岳日:恢复山地生态系统

山地被广泛认为是生物多样性的发源地,其陡峭的斜坡孕育了各种繁复的生命形式。这些地区作为自然的庇护所变得愈发重要:虽然它们只占据了地球总面积的四分之一,却容纳了地球上85%的两栖动物、鸟类和哺乳动物。这种丰富的自然资源在联合国教科文组织的738个全球生物圈保护区中得到体现,其中明显超过一半位于山区。 然而,令人担忧的是,这些自然资源的非凡丰富正面临威胁。过去,由于偏远或地形困难,山地得以免受人类干扰,但如今这种状况逐渐减少。曾经被视为大自然摇篮和避难所的山地正在逐渐转变成墓地。在兴都库什-喜马拉雅地区,上个世纪就已经失去了70%的生物多样性。这些损失,包括物种的灭绝,如今正以加速度增长,正如ICIMOD的重要评估报告《兴都库什喜马拉雅的水、冰、社会和生态系统》(简称《HIWISE报告》)所指出的那样。 在公众、政治和外交层面,人们越来越认识到自然是我们当前危机中最重要的解决方案之一。联合国已宣布2021-2030年为生态系统恢复十年,去年,《昆明-蒙特利尔全球生物多样性框架》的指导下,全球100多个政府承诺在2030年之前将30%的陆地和海洋保留给自然,其中包括兴都库什-喜马拉雅地区。今年,在联合国全球气候大会COP28上,自然首次成为讨论的核心议题。 这些努力,以及今年国际山岳日的“生态系统恢复”主题,为恢复和保护山区景观提供了迫切需要的推动力。那么,我们的八个成员国离实现“30x30”目标有多近呢?到目前为止,不丹是唯一一个实际超额达标的国家,其51.4%的土地面积已经属于各种保护区类别。 尼泊尔只有不到24%的土地受到保护;中国仅为16%,略高于目标的一半;巴基斯坦占12%;印度为8%;缅甸为7%;孟加拉国为5%,阿富汗为4%。 令人担忧的是,在整个兴都库什-喜马拉雅地区,自然资源仍然丰富的关键区域仍处在保护之外:67%的生态区、39%的生物多样性热点、69%的关键生物多样性区域以及76%的重要鸟类和生物多样性区都没有得到保护。 现有的保护区域犹如在人类改变过的景观中的“孤岛”,缺乏与其他保护区域的连通走廊,无法满足广泛分布的物种需求,并且面临非法捕猎、侵占和资源开采的压力。现有的保护区域不足以确保成功保护我们地区的象征性物种,包括亚洲象、独角犀牛和孟加拉虎。 一个尚未尝试的解决方案是建立跨界生物圈保护区,这将允许在景观层面进行综合保护。实现这一目标需要跨越国家边界的共同政治承诺,并在共享生态系统的管理方面展开合作。ICIMOD将积极推动我们区域成员国接受这一解决方案。 然而,底线是,要扭转自然的损失,我们必须对其进行估值并提供相应的资金支持。只要经济学家继续将其价值定为零,就不会引起足够的重视。在进行估值之前,拥有大量自然资本但经济欠发达的国家将因为缺乏3A信用评级而难以以较低贷款利率借款。必须为该地区的国家提供更便宜的资本来促使自然的恢复:这是ICIMOD将与我们的成员、多边开发银行和其他机构紧急合作推进的事项。为了防止地球系统完全崩溃,我们必须为大自然提供一个适宜的生存环境,这一观点从未像现在这样显而易见。

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